For firms to be successful in competition arenas, one of the essential competences is to have marketing knowledge and skill. It is obvious that one of the effective factors affecting IRANIAN firms' competitiveness in international arenas is practical and scientific improvements in marketing.There can be many reasons for unsuccessful marketing plans in firms, however, in this research study, we focus on brand equity because of the importance of brand name and brand symbol.We use a customer-based brand equity model, based on Aaker's well-known conceptual framework of brand equity. The study concludes that marketing managers on their general assessments about brand equity should concern about the importance of brand equity dimensions. Final1y, the study employed structural equation modeling to investigate the causal relationships between the dimensions of brand equity and brand equity itself in sport shoes industry in Iran.

The ever-increasing application of computer and internet mandates a longer domain for computer-mediated-communication (CMC). Internet chat as a principal feature of CMC has attracted tremendous attention among the YOUTHS in recent years. Thus, this study has focused on the written chats of 100 IRANIAN university students majoring in different disciplines. We analyzed 400 chat samples (composed of 4000 moves) in terms of opening and continuing speech functions based on Eggins and Slade’s (1997) model of casual conversation. We also examined humor and paralinguistic features based on taxonomies of Huffaker and Calvert (2005) and Nastri, Pen a, and Hancock (2006). Among the various types of speech functions, nine opening speech functions, seven continuing speech functions and four humor and paralinguistic features were investigated. The analysis of the data shows that the salient opening speech function has been‘ statement: opinion’ which provides attitudinal and evaluative information. Additionally, the outstanding types of continuing speech functions are ‘prolong: extend’, ‘prolong: enhance’, and ‘append: elaborate’. Therefore, it is in order for the participants to offer additional or contrasting information to the previous move or qualify it by giving details of time, place, condition, etc. Moreover, in case of interruption by the other chatter, the participants mostly tend to clarify, exemplify or reiterate the previous move. Furthermore, the participants produced irony, as a humorous element, in a great volume which is indicative of their tendency toward being indirect during conversation. The subjects also used many paralinguistic features such as misspellings and repeated punctuations in order to express their emotions and attract their partners’ attention in the absence of verbal communication.

One important step in culture recognition in a society is recognizing education, patterns and its methods. The educative patterns have a great role in making active effective people or otherwise passive and inefficient people. One great trouble for human beings has always been transferring heritage and human knowledge from a generation to the next one which is the main reason for cumulativeness of material and moral accomplishments. Education and socialization is vital in today’s world and recognizing the patterns and educative methods helps in a more substantive planning. Iran’s society is experiencing a new era of social terms and educative patterns are changing fundamentally. In this article we used the economic-social data of families from Iran’s statistical center which were gathered with the help of France scientific research center and executed a second data analysis on them to investigate the educative methods in different provinces. The results show that there is a significant difference between different ethnicities, education and social groups regarding education and socialization.

The present research is an effort to consider the impact of globalization on reflectivity of gender interaction of IRANIAN university students.The statistical society of this research consistsof University of Tehran studentsat three levels of bachelor, master, and doctorate. We selected 275 students through cluster sampling to take part in the survey and fill the questionnaire which was our data collection tool in this research. The main hypothesis was exploring a significant relevance between the reflectivity of gender interactions of IRANIAN students and the globalization which has been supported by four sub hypotheses of personalization and individualization of gender interactions, acceptance of new patterns, experiencing different level of sexual relations, and, friendship with the opposite sex. We indexed and examined the sub hypotheses too.According to calculation of Pearson’s correlation, research findings are very explanatory for a strong impact of the globalization (mainly through visual medium) on gender interactions of university students in multi-aspect elements and compilations.

By different factors, as destruction of political position to move, development of communication systems, low cost of translation, inequality of wage level among different countries and demand of labor force, the trend of international migration is increasing as documents indicate. This study is based on pull-push theory and golbalization investigate the factors of stimuliationg tendency of migration of 770 youth of Iran, 18-30 co hart in shiraz and Arsanjan. The findings show that tendency of migration is common as other countries. Only 9 peresent of IRANIAN youth do not show the tendency to migrate. Men. singels, low incomers high level education, and those ranging in 22-25 age shirazians are more likely to migrate. And among the socio-cultural factors, negative attittude towar socio-cultural, education, economy and politics are more releted to depenent variable. As the findings indicate, in a society as Iran, socio-cultural and educational and enconomic factors have more inffluence on tendency and stimulation of individuals.

In all societies the political socialization of new generation is the base of legitimacy, stability and survival of the political system. In Islamic republic of Iran, thirty six years after Islamic revelation, the problem of third generation political identity and the rebuilt of political system and how to go on, became a main problem. In an stable situation political socialization is the reproduction of current values and culture, but in a revolutionary society like Iran the main question is how to rebuild institutions, values and culture and at the same time transfer them to new generation.This essay base on Iran's conditions try to suggest a theoretical framework to help us for better understanding in research on IRANIAN YOUTHS' political socialization. According to questions like, how political identity is forming, who is the most important actor in this process and what is the rule of changing political culture.

It is essential to participate in development processes as a civil rights and an importantant step toward democracy in modern society. Identyfing and understanding exact situations, backgrounds, factors and subfactors in different aspects of social, cultural and political situation is necessary to achieve participation.The main tools in this research were youth questionnaires and authorities questionnaires.30 questionnaires were distributed among authorities and 2700 among YOUTHS. This research with such a view to participation and with a goal of identifying descriptive criteria of youth participation in different social, cultural and political issues as an important part of a society was undertaken by the order of National Youth Organization of Iran in 2005. In this research, which was done at the national level by using 7 provinces as samples, an attempt was done to investigate the existing level and quality of youth participation in different issues by using scientific methods and investigating the condition of the samples. The outcomes of the research describes and explains the background and condition of participation in current condition of the IRANIAN society.Research finding indicate that there is a meaninful relationship between participation and individual personality like age, educational level, occupation, social and economical status, life condition, attitudes and motivation, organizations and mass communication.

Objective: The Child behavior checklist (CBCL) is a comprehensive symptom rating scale in child and adolescent psychiatry and a major instruments being used in cross-cultural studies. This study was done to determine the symptom profile of a community sample of IRANIAN YOUTHS using the CBCL-Persian version.Methods: Through a random probability sampling, five clusters in four central geographic regions of Tehran were selected. After obtaining parents' informed consents, the parents accomplished CBCL forms and the demographic questionnaires. Their children were interviewed by two board certified child and adolescent psychiatrists to evaluate any psychiatric disorders in them. Statistical analysis was done using the T-test and regression analysis. Calculation of sensitivity, specificity, and, Overall misclassification error (OMR) was used to find the appropriate cut-off point.Results: Two hundred three children and adolescents were evaluated (46.3% female) with mean age of 12.01 years (SD=3.63). Of them, 21.2% had psychiatric disorders. Boys had significantly higher scores in Attention Problem, Delinquent Behavior, Aggressive Behavior, and Externalizing (p=0.01). The scores of Somatic Complaints, Thought Problems and Internalizing were significantly higher in boys (p=0.05). The cut point of 35 had the best sensitivity and specificity, and of the least OMR.Conclusion: Most results of our study were consistent with the literature on CBCL in diverse countries. This confirms the validity of the CBCL to be used in child and adolescent psychiatry studies.